for the year ended 31 March 2006
During the year ended 31 March 2006, GUS plc had three share option arrangements for its employees. Details of these share option arrangements are as follows:
(i) Summary of arrangements
| Arrangements | The 1998 Approved and Non-Approved Executive Share Option Schemes |
The North America Stock Option Plan |
Savings related share option schemes |
| Nature | Grant of options | Grant of options | 'Save as you earn' scheme |
| Vesting Conditions: | |||
| – Service period | 3 years | 1, 2 and 3 years | 3 or 5 years |
| – Performance/Other | EPS growth performance condition1 |
n/a | Saving obligation over the vesting period |
| Expected outcome of meeting performance criteria (at grant date) | Condition is satisfied | n/a | n/a |
| Maximum term | 10 years | 6 years | 3.5 or 5.5 years |
| Method of settlement | Share distribution | Share distribution | Share distribution |
| Expected departures | 5% | 1 year – 0% | 3 years2 – 30% |
| (at grant date) | 2 years – 15% | 5 years2 – 50% | |
| 3 years – 20% | |||
| Option exercise price calculation3 | Market price over the 3 dealing days preceding the grant |
Market price over the 3 dealing days preceding the grant | 20% discount to market price over the 3 dealing days preceding the grant |
1 The performance condition for the Executive Share Option Scheme requires average Benchmark EPS growth to exceed the average growth in the general index of retail prices by at least 4% p.a. over a 3 year period. The period of assessment commences at the beginning of the financial year of grant. This is not a market based performance condition as defined by IFRS 2. 2 The stated values for expected departures include participants that do not meet the saving requirement of the scheme. 3 Three day averages are calculated by taking middle market quotations of a GUS plc share from the London Stock Exchange. |
|||
Options were exercised throughout the year. The weighted average share price during the year was £9.32 (2005: £8.71).
(ii) Information relating to option valuation techniquesThe Company uses the Black Scholes model to determine an appropriate value of the option grants. Inputs into the model are calculated as follows:
Expected volatility – Calculated as an average over the expected life with an assumption made for volatility in each year of the expected life. Volatility in the first year is assumed to be the same as implied volatility on grant date. Volatility for year 4 and beyond is assumed to remain at the long run (10 year observed) historic volatility. Linear interpolation is assumed for years 2 and 3.
Expected dividend yield – Yields are based on the current consensus analyst forecast figures at the time of grant. The inputs utilised are an average of the forecast over the next three financial years.
Risk-free interest rate – Rates are obtained from the UK government Debt Management Office website which details historical prices and yields for gilt strips.
Expected option life to exercise – The Executive Share Option Scheme has an expected life of four years, the North American Stock Option Plan has an expected life of 3.75 years and the Sharesave Schemes have expected lives of either three or five years.
Share price on grant date – The closing price on the day the options are granted.
Option exercise price – Exercise price as stated in the term of each award.
The weighted average estimated fair values and the inputs into the Black-Scholes models are as follows:
| The
1998 Approved and Non-Approved Executive Share Option Schemes |
The North America Stock Option Plan |
Savings
related share option schemes |
||||
| Weighted average 2006 |
Weighted average 2005 |
Weighted average 2006 |
Weighted average 2005 |
Weighted average 2006 |
Weighted average 2005 |
|
| Fair value (£) | 1.60 | 1.71 | 1.52 | 1.65 | 2.46 | 2.42 |
| Share price on grant date (£) | 8.53 | 8.26 | 8.48 | 8.25 | 8.96 | 8.46 |
| Exercise price (£) | 8.61 | 8.12 | 8.59 | 8.10 | 6.87 | 6.48 |
| Expected volatility | 27.8% | 27.0% | 27.4% | 27.0% | 25.5% | 25.6% |
| Expected dividend yield | 4.0% | 3.8% | 4.0% | 3.8% | 3.8% | 3.9% |
| Risk free interest rate | 4.3% | 5.2% | 4.3% | 5.2% | 4.1% | 5.1% |
| Expected option life to exercise | 4 years | 4 years | 3.75 years | 3.75 years | 3.56 years | 3.45 years |
Options granted during 2006 had a weighted average fair value of £1.82 (2005: £1.94).
(iii) Reconciliation of movement in the number of share options
| Number of options |
Weighted average exercise price |
Number of options |
Weighted average exercise price |
|
| £ | £ | |||
| 2006 | 2006 | 2005 | 2005 | |
| Outstanding at beginning of year | 27,741,725 | 6.34 | 29,682,249 | 5.71 |
| New grants | 8,335,298 | 8.12 | 8,285,234 | 7.55 |
| Forfeitures1 | (1,469,207) | 6.53 | (1,940,133) | 5.96 |
| Exercised options | (5,881,782) | 6.09 | (8,237,057) | 5.40 |
| Expired options | (525,869) | 6.60 | (48,567) | 5.49 |
| Outstanding at end of year | 28,200,165 | 6.90 | 27,741,725 | 6.34 |
| Exercisable at end of year | 5,928,451 | 6.41 | 4,925,280 | 6.03 |
| 1 For the Sharesave schemes, this includes non-leavers who have failed the savings requirement. | ||||
(iv) Share options outstanding at the end of the year
Share options outstanding at the end of the year had the following exercise prices and remaining contractual lives:
| As at 31 March 2006 | As at 31 March 2005 | |||||||||
Weighted average exercise |
Weighted average remaining lives |
Weighted average exercise |
Weighted average remaining lives |
|||||||
| Range of exercise |
Number |
Range of exercise |
Number of |
|||||||
| prices £ |
options | price £ |
Expected years |
Contractual years |
prices £ |
options | price £ |
Expected years |
Contractual years |
|
| 0 – 6 | 5,171,594 | 4.56 | 0.7 | 1.4 | 0 – 6 | 7,508,503 | 4.69 | 1.4 | 2.6 | |
| 6 – 7 | 12,437,703 | 6.61 | 1.2 | 4.8 | 6 – 7 | 14,890,809 | 6.53 | 1.6 | 5.7 | |
| 7 – 8 | 100,535 | 7.57 | 1.6 | 6.6 | 7 – 8 | 116,387 | 7.57 | 2.6 | 7.7 | |
| 8 – 9 | 10,490,333 | 8.39 | 3.9 | 6.0 | 8 – 9 | 5,217,655 | 8.11 | 3.1 | 8.1 | |
(i) Summary of arrangements
| Arrangements | Co-Investment Plan – Matching Shares | Performance Share Plan |
| Nature of arrangement | Grant of shares1 | Grant of shares |
| Vesting Conditions: | ||
| – Service period | 4 years | 3 years |
| – Performance | Benchmark profit performance of Group/Division assessed against specified targets | Distribution percentage determined by ranking ‘Total shareholder return’relative to a comparator group |
| Expected outcome of meeting performance criteria (at grant date) | Participants meet target performance | Currently 60%2 |
| Maximum term | 6 years | 3 years |
| Method of settlement | Share distribution | Share distribution |
| Expected departures (at grant date) | 7% | 5% |
1 The Matching Shares are a nil consideration option and have been classified as an award of shares because the nature of the award is the same. 2 The Performance Share Plan performance condition is considered a ‘Market-based’ performance condition under IFRS 2. It has been valued using a Monte Carlo simulation with historic volatilities and correlations measured over the three year period preceding valuation. On conversion to IFRS, the fair value of awards was calculated as 60% of the share price at date of grant. The performance condition was initially valued at 60% on conversion to IFRS accounting standards. This valuation will be applied to all new grants for a three year period (until 2007). In 2007 the Monte Carlo simulation will be re-run. The revaluation will be brought forward if factors arise that suggest an earlier re-run is warranted. |
||
The grant date for the Co-Investment plan is the start of the financial year in which performance is assessed. This is before the quantity of the share award is determined. The underlying value of the award is known at the grant date, subject to the outcome of the performance condition. The value of awarded shares reflects the performance outcome at the date of issue to participants.
(ii) Information relating to share grant valuation techniquesThe value of awards is determined as the observed market closing rate on the date awarded grants are issued to participants. For the Co-Investment scheme, this occurs after the first year of performance is assessed. The Performance Share Plan’s market based performance condition is included in the fair value measurement on grant date and is not revised for actual performance.
Under the share awards, participants have an entitlement to dividend distributions from the issue date until point of vesting. The observed market rate on the day of valuation is considered inclusive of future dividend distributions. No modifications are made for dividend distributions or other factors.
There were 2,635,145 shares granted during 2006 (2005: 2,432,536), with a weighted average award fair value of £7.69 (2005: £7.28).
| 2006 £m |
2005 £m |
|
| Share option awards | 13 | 11 |
| Share grant awards | 16 | 13 |
| Total expense recognised (all equity settled) | 29 | 24 |